For Windows

just type the below code on your command line to see the Windows version 

ver

C:\>ver

You can as well type it anywhere on your command line without having to change the directory to the root of your drive

How to Find OS version with Command Line for Linux?

The procedure to find the os name and version on Linux:

1. Open the terminal application (bash shell)
2. For remote server login using the ssh: ssh user@server-name
3. Type any one of the following commands to find the os name and version in Linux:
   
   cat /etc/os-release

lsb_release -a

hostnamectl 
    
4. if you are on Linux Type the following command to find the Linux kernel version:
   uname -r

The picture is an example response I got on my Almalinux server when I use this command 

cat /etc/os-release  

This is what I get when I check my server name on Ubuntu using the command below

cat /etc/os-release